Prevalence and characteristics of smoking in primary healthcare workers in Iquique, Chile

Summary 

Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of the smoking habits of primary healthcare workers in Iquique, Chile.

Study design: Cross-sectional study through a survey of all personnel working in primary health care in Iquique, Chile.

Methods: The following variables were investigated: biodemographical characteristics and aspects of smoking, knowledge of the adverse effects of smoking, and some lifestyle factors.

Results: Among the study population, a high prevalence of smokers was found (37%) and a further 26% were ex-smokers. The smokers were predominantly practical nurses, female, aged 25–45 years and married. The only significant relationship was between age and smoking habit (P=0.02), with smoking prevalence among younger groups being very high (56%). There was a high level of awareness about the adverse effects of smoking and its addictiveness (99 and 93%, respectively). Forty-three percent of participants had been smoking for more than 15 years, and the main reasons for smoking were ‘social consumption’ and ‘stress’ (36 and 29%, respectively). Thirty-two percent of the ex-smokers ceased smoking for discomfort or health reasons. There were no differences between smokers and ex-smokers with respect to participation in sports or working shifts. Fifty-two percent of those surveyed reported they they were annoyed when others smoked near them.

Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of smoking, particularly among practical nurses. Regarding attitudes to health, a dichotomy between knowledge and behaviour was found in this group. In pursuing the commitment to smoking cessation in healthcare personnel, a deeper review of cultural issues and motivation should be considered.

Keywords: Smoking, Tobacco, Health workers, Prevalence, Attitude to health, Health knowledge, Primary care